Herbivores: Animals which eat only plants or plant products.
Ex: Cow, Goat, Horse etc.,
Carnivores: Animals which eat other animals.
Ex: Lion, Polar Bear, Wolf etc.,
Omnivores: Animals which eat both plants and animals.
Ex: Human, Chimpanzee etc.,
We know that each dish is usually made up of one or more ingredients, which we get from plants or animals. These ingredients contain some components that are needed by our body. These components are called nutrients. The major nutrients in our food are named
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. In addition, food contains dietary fibres and water which are also needed by our body.
There are many types of carbohydrates. The main carbohydrates found in our food are in the form of starch and sugars.
Test for Starch:
Take a small quantity of a food item or a raw ingredient. Put 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution on it. A blue-black colour indicates that it contains starch.
Test for Protein:
Take a small quantity of a food item for testing. If the food you want to test is a solid, you first need to make a paste of it or powder it. Grind or mash a small quantity of the food item. Put some of this in a clean test tube, add 10 drops of water to it and shake the test tube. Now, using a dropper, add two drops of solution of copper sulphate and ten drops of solution of caustic soda to the test tube. Shake well and let the test tube stand for a few minutes. A violet colour indicates presence of proteins in the food item.
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